454 engine specs - 24. At Jim Kid Motorsports, our project engine made 584 horsepower and 594 lb-ft of torque, but that was made through LS7 exhaust manifolds. They won't fit the Gen 5 Camaro chassis, so we'll have ...

 
The 454-cu.in. (7.4-liter) fuel-injected engine was not exclusive to the 454 SS model, but instead was the same V-8 available in 3500 and 2500 pickup models. In the sport truck's debut year, the engine produced 230 horsepower and 385 pound-feet of torque, and sent this through a three-speed Turbo Hyda-Matic automatic transmission to a limited .... I40 oklahoma road conditions

Learn about the history, power, and vehicles of the Chevy 454 engine, a classic V8 that was used in muscle cars, trucks, and drag cars from 1970 to 2001. Find out the specs, features, and performance of this iconic engine that was discontinued after the oil crisis but still available as a crate engine.Nov 6, 2012 · The 454 engine, as compared to the 427 it replaces, has a longer stroke (101.5 vs 95.2 mm), probably for better emission control as well as higher torque because it replaces a 427 that also ... Dec 8, 2021 ... 6:02. Go to channel · 340 horsepower 3.6 LS 4 cylinder engine by Blue Print Engines. Automotive Antics•537K views · 11:46. Go to channel ...1970 Chevy Monte Carlo SS 454 LS5. The 1970 Chevy Monte Carlo SS was a luxury-oriented muscle car that was also available with the 454 cubic inch V8 engine. The engine was rated at 360 horsepower, and the quarter-mile performance of the Monte Carlo with this engine was around 14.6 seconds at a speed of 97 mph.Jan 20, 2024 · The horsepower output of the 1991 Chevy 454 engine was rated at 230 horsepower, while the torque reached 385 lb-ft. These specifications made it a capable engine for towing and hauling heavy loads. The valvetrain of the 454 engine was based on the Overhead Valve (OHV) design, which allowed for efficient airflow and enhanced combustion. If detonation were to occur, the dyno would have show a reduction in power and torque. Instead, it showed a 7-horsepower increase and a 5-lb-ft rise in torque. This was a legitimate pump-gas big ...Here are some key specifications of the 1999 Chevy 454 engine: Specification Value; Engine Type: V8: Displacement: 7.4 liters (454 cubic inches) Fuel Delivery: Sequential Fuel Injection: Horsepower: 290 hp: Torque: 410 lb-ft: Engine Oil Specs. Proper engine oil is crucial for maintaining the performance and longevity of the …Chevy 454 Engine Specs. Specs for the 1970-1976 big block 454 cid engine are as follows: Engine: Chevrolet 454 Big Block. Displacement: 454 cid (7.4L) Block/Heads: Cast Iron. Configuration: 90° V8. Bore x Stroke: 4.25″ x 4.0″. Compression Ratio: 10.25:1, 11.25:1, 8.2:1. Firing Order: 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2. Engine Weight: ~685 lbs.Apr 10, 2021 ... Which monumental motor will make the most horsepower... the Chevy 454 or the Ford 460? Joe and Mike build one of each in the HorsePower shop ...The big block, which debuted in 1958 at 348 cid (5.7 L), was built in standard displacements up to 494 cid (8.1 L), with aftermarket engines exceeding 500 cid (8.2 L). Chevy’s Gen VI, Vortec 7400 L29 7.4 L (454 cid) V8 was a truck version of the engine. Introduced in 1996, it was produced for five years, until replaced by the Vortec 8100.The 1985 Chevy 454 engine is a V8 engine with a displacement of 7.4 liters. It belongs to the big-block engine family and is known for its power and durability. The engine features an overhead valve (OHV) design with two valves per cylinder, totaling 16 valves. The 454 engine has a cast-iron block and cylinder heads, providing strength and ...Jun 10, 2021 · Learn about the history, power, and vehicles of the Chevy 454 engine, a classic V8 that was used in muscle cars, trucks, and drag cars from 1970 to 2001. Find out the specs, features, and performance of this iconic engine that was discontinued after the oil crisis but still available as a crate engine. FinOps Foundation introduces FOCUS, a standardized cloud cost data specification, to streamline multi-cloud financial management. The FinOps Foundation, a foundation under the ausp...Surprisingly, the 454 big-block V8 engine laid down 330 horsepower and 475 pound-feet of torque. Its truck-based 454 engine was tuned for torque with a surprise of reaching nearly 500 lb. feet without being loud. The engine block can produce a large power output. It is a good engine for performance vehicles and a great option during a gas crisis.May 18, 2009 ... It responds excellent to basic modifications such as a 266H or 268H cam Holley 750Dp/Performer-2 Intake and Headers to get trouble free 400+Hp ...Catching Up With History. Today the LS6 is a legend. Although Chevrolet has since offered crate motors featuring more power and torque, it's still a sought-after …Flywheel / Flexplate: Like all big block V8 engines, the ZZ454/440 engine has 3.58" diameter flywheel flange bolt pattern. This engine comes equipped with a 14" diameter flexplate with a 168 tooth ring gear, GM Part Number 10185034. If your application requires a flywheel, GM Part Number 14096987, should be used.The 1987 Chevy 454 motorhome engine features a displacement of 7.4 liters, or 454 cubic inches, hence its name. It is a naturally aspirated engine, meaning it does not have a turbocharger or supercharger. The engine follows a traditional overhead valve (OHV) design, with two valves per cylinder. This configuration allows for efficient …The Classic Convertible Mercury Cars Channel lets you see under the hood of Mercury convertibles. Get specs on and see photos of classic convertible Mercury cars. Advertisement The...These 454 big block HP engines offer 525 horsepower and have a hydraulic roller camshaft. Choose a Chevy 454ci big-block ATK crate engine at JEGS High Performance! ... Engine Specifications. Horsepower: 525 hp; Torque: 550 lb/ft; Block Information: Seasoned OE 1991-1995 Gen V 4 bolt main 1pc seal (no mechanical fuel pump provision) Bore/Stroke ...The 1976 Chevy 454 engine features a V8 configuration, meaning it has eight cylinders arranged in a V shape. This design provides excellent power and torque, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications. With a displacement of 454 cubic inches (7.4 liters), this engine is capable of producing substantial horsepower and torque.1988-1990 L19’s were Mark IV 454 blocks, with 4 bolt mains and a 2 piece rear-main seal. Air and fuel was supplied 2 barrel throttle body EFI system. The cylinder heads were the ubiquitous peanut port small ovals. Valve-train was non-adjustable with a flat tappet camshaft. Compression ratio checked in at a whopping 7.9:1.Proper engine oil is crucial for maintaining the performance and longevity of any engine, including the 1997 Chevy 454. Here are the recommended engine oil specifications and service intervals for this engine. Engine Oil Specifications: – Type: SAE 5W-30 or SAE 10W-30. – API (American Petroleum Institute) Certification: SG or …The 1973 Chevy 454 engine is a V8 engine that belongs to the Big-Block engine family. It features a displacement of 454 cubic inches, which is equivalent to 7.4 liters. This massive displacement allows the engine to generate an impressive amount of power and torque. The engine is equipped with a cast-iron block and cylinder heads, providing ...The 1970 versions of the Chevrolet 454 were the most powerful, with the LS5 putting out around 360 horsepower and the LS6 delivering about 450 horses. The LS6 was phased out after 1971, and …The Chevy 454 engine is a big-block V8 engine that was first introduced in 1970. It has a displacement of 454 cubic inches, which is equivalent to 7.4 liters. This large displacement allows the engine to produce ample power and torque, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications. The engine features an overhead valve (OHV) configuration ...The BoxWrench Engine Specs Database is a community resource for mechanics of all skill levels to access a reference library of Firing Orders, Distributor Rotation Directions and Block-Cylinder Numbering as well as …Detailed specs and features for the Used 1990 Chevrolet C/K 1500 Series 454SS including dimensions, horsepower, engine, capacity, fuel economy, transmission, engine type, cylinders, drivetrain and ...In today’s digital age, notebooks have become an essential tool for work, school, and personal use. With so many options available in the market, it can be overwhelming to choose t...Going thru this process right now. Car is a 1975 Monte Carlo. Original engine specs: 454 C.I., 8.15 compression, 215 factory horsepower. Turbo 400 trans, 3.42 posi. The car has always run great, but for years the rear main has leaked and it used a quart of oil approx 100 miles. Finally got tired of dealing with the leaks and oil.Feb 14, 2024 · Chevy 454 Big Block Engine Specs The Chevy 454 Big Block engine is a legendary powerhouse that has been a favorite among car enthusiasts for decades. Known for its impressive performance and immense power, this engine has become an icon in the world of American muscle cars. Of the three versions produced, the LS6 version was the high-performance option for Corvettes, Camaros, and Chevelles. This package supplied 450 horsepower and 500 lb-ft of torque. The ’70 version of the LS6 454 was a pinnacle year as, by 1971, Chevrolet started to detune the engine. The block's dimensions and surfaces are carefully checked.502 magnum. View and Download MerCruiser 454 MAGNUM manual online. 7.4L/8.2L. 454 MAGNUM engine pdf manual download. Also for: 502 magnum.Jan 22, 2023 · It was rated as high as 435 hp and 460 lb-ft of torque. It features the big-bore block at 4.25 inches but the same 3.760-inch stroke as the 366/396. 454ci: Chevrolet added the 454 in 1970, with ... The 454 cubic-inch LS4 would serve as one of General Motors’ final big-block powerplants, to take up residence beneath the Corvette’s hood. LS4 History. The …Jan 18, 2024 · The 1986 Chevy 454 engine, also known as the Chevrolet Big Block, is a V8 engine that belongs to the Generation IV family of engines. It features a cast-iron block and cylinder heads, providing durability and strength. The engine has a displacement of 7.4 liters, or 454 cubic inches, hence the name. This large displacement allows for powerful ... component information, start- up and break- in procedures, 454HO engine specifications, additional parts that you may need to purchase, and a service parts list. The 454HO …The 454 Big Block is a powerhouse of an engine, capable of providing up to 500 ft-lbs of torque. The torque specs for this engine depend on the year and type; however, most models have a maximum torque rating of 425 ft-lbs at 3800 rpm. This powerful engine can be found in many classic cars, including Chevrolet Corvettes and …When it comes to optimizing the performance of your Kohler engine, one crucial factor that cannot be overlooked is the torque specifications. Torque specs refer to the specific amo...While the majority of big-blocks displaced 454 inches, Chevy did build a production engine displacing 496ci. But the future of the Rat appears to be stroker versions and today you could easily build a stock deck height Rat motor at 500-plus-ci using off-the-shelf parts. It’s hard to tell a Rat by its cover.As its name suggests, the Chevy 454 big block V8 has a 454 cubic inch displacement, with cast iron blocks and heads that offer great strength but result in an engine that weighs nearly 700 pounds. The 454 …Aug 20, 2019 ... 20:13. Go to channel · Building a 1100+ Horsepower Jon Kaase Big Block Ford - Engine Power S6, E5. POWERNATION•1.3M views · 12:14. Go to channel ...The 1986 Chevy 454 engine, also known as the Chevrolet Big Block, is a V8 engine that belongs to the Generation IV family of engines. It features a cast-iron block and cylinder heads, providing durability and strength. The engine has a displacement of 7.4 liters, or 454 cubic inches, hence the name. This large displacement allows for powerful ...Of the three versions produced, the LS6 version was the high-performance option for Corvettes, Camaros, and Chevelles. This package supplied 450 horsepower and 500 lb-ft of torque. The ’70 version of the LS6 454 was a pinnacle year as, by 1971, Chevrolet started to detune the engine. The block's dimensions and surfaces are carefully checked.The 1976 Chevy 454 engine features a V8 configuration, meaning it has eight cylinders arranged in a V shape. This design provides excellent power and torque, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications. With a displacement of 454 cubic inches (7.4 liters), this engine is capable of producing substantial horsepower and torque.Flexplate (P/N 10185034): 14". Recommended Fuel: Premium pump. Ignition Timing: 36° Total @ 4,000 rpm. Maximum Recommended rpm: 5500. Balanced: External. Compare Big-Block Engines. Mobil 1 is now The Official Motor Oil of Chevrolet Performance. View Engine Fill Chart. An all-forged reciprocating assembly makes the ZZ454 big block crate engine ...BluePrint Engines GM 454 C.I.D. 460 HP Cruiser Dressed Long Block Crate Engines BP454CTC. Crate Engine, Dressed Longblock, 454 C.I. 460 HP, 479 TQ, Aluminum Heads, Roller Camshaft, Chevy, Big Block Gen IV, Each. Part Number: MLL-BP454CTC. ( 1 ) Estimated Ship Date: Aug 22, 2024 (if ordered today) Free Shipping.3) All 73-74 Corvette 454 cid engines used a cast nodular iron crankshaft; 4) All 70-74 Corvettes with 454 cid engines, except 71 LS-6, used the same size intake and exhaust valves which, as I recall, were 2.06" intake and 1.72" exhaust. 5) 1970 LS-5 cylinder heads were unique to that year.Jan 22, 2024 · Engine Oil Specifications: – Oil Type: The 1995 Chevy 454 engine requires a high-quality motor oil with a viscosity of 10W-30 or 10W-40. It is important to choose an oil that meets the API (American Petroleum Institute) service classification of SJ or higher. – Oil Capacity: The engine has an oil capacity of approximately 6 quarts ... Going thru this process right now. Car is a 1975 Monte Carlo. Original engine specs: 454 C.I., 8.15 compression, 215 factory horsepower. Turbo 400 trans, 3.42 posi. The car has always run great, but for years the rear main has leaked and it used a quart of oil approx 100 miles. Finally got tired of dealing with the leaks and oil. 454 Big Block Performance Specs. The original LS5 engine was introduced with 390 hp and 500 lb-ft of torque, while the LS6 was rated at 450 hp. By the time 1972 was reached, change of power calculations along with reduced power for emissions control resulted in a drop to max power rating of 270 horsepower with a peak torque of 468 lb-ft. As you ... While the majority of big-blocks displaced 454 inches, Chevy did build a production engine displacing 496ci. But the future of the Rat appears to be stroker versions and today you could easily build a stock deck height Rat motor at 500-plus-ci using off-the-shelf parts. It’s hard to tell a Rat by its cover.The casting number will confirm BBC engine specs including the size, year (or year range) of the block, and whether it is 2-bolt or 4-bolt main. ... Regarding parts availability, the 454 engine has the most availability of parts in comparison to the other engine sizes. This is due to the number of blocks available for the 7.4 liter versus a 396 ...1970 Chevy Monte Carlo SS 454 LS5. The 1970 Chevy Monte Carlo SS was a luxury-oriented muscle car that was also available with the 454 cubic inch V8 engine. The engine was rated at 360 horsepower, and the quarter-mile performance of the Monte Carlo with this engine was around 14.6 seconds at a speed of 97 mph.Chevy 454 Engine Specs. Specs for the 1970-1976 big block 454 cid engine are as follows: Engine: Chevrolet 454 Big Block. Displacement: 454 cid (7.4L) Block/Heads: Cast Iron. Configuration: 90° V8. Bore x Stroke: 4.25″ x 4.0″. Compression Ratio: 10.25:1, 11.25:1, 8.2:1. Firing Order: 1-8-4-3-6-5-7-2. Engine Weight: ~685 lbs.The 454 was the biggest engine Chevrolet ever bolted into a production passenger car and, in LS6-tune, it made effortless horsepower and torque. ... Specifications Engine Chevrolet Mark IV "big-block" V-8, cast-iron heads and block. Displacement 454-cu.in. Compression 11.25:1 ...The descriptions and specifications contained in this manual were in effect at the time of printing. Crusader Marine Engines’ policy of continued improvement reserves the right to change specifications or design without notice and without obligation. This manual will cover the following year of manufacture Crusader engines: YearModelThe 1984 Chevy 454 engine is a powerful V8 engine that was commonly used in trucks and motorhomes. Here are the key specifications of this engine: – Engine Type: V8. – Displacement: 454 cubic inches (7.4 liters) – Compression Ratio: 7.9:1. – Bore x Stroke: 4.25 inches x 4.00 inches.We deliver the 454 HO with a water pump, balancer, 14-inch flexplate, and aluminum intake manifold. Add a carburetor, ignition system, and starter and your budget Big-Block will be ready to roar. Show More. 454 HO TECH SPECS: Engine Type: Chevy Big-Block V-8; Displacement: 454ci; Bore x Stroke: 4.250'' x 4.000'' Block: Cast-iron with four-bolt ...Apr 10, 2021 ... Which monumental motor will make the most horsepower... the Chevy 454 or the Ford 460? Joe and Mike build one of each in the HorsePower shop ...If you are looking to save money on eyewear, Spec Savers special offers can be a great way to get high-quality glasses at affordable prices. Spec Savers is a well-known eyewear ret...1983 Chevy 454 Engine Specs Engine Configuration. The 1983 Chevy 454 engine was a part of the big-block engine family manufactured by General Motors. It was a V8 engine with a displacement of 7.4 liters or 454 cubic inches. This engine was commonly used in various Chevrolet vehicles during the 1980s, including trucks, vans, and recreational ...The Classic Convertible Mercury Cars Channel lets you see under the hood of Mercury convertibles. Get specs on and see photos of classic convertible Mercury cars. Advertisement The...The 454 engine, as compared to the 427 it replaces, has a longer stroke (101.5 vs 95.2 mm), probably for better emission control as well as higher torque because it replaces a 427 that also ...The 454-cu.in. (7.4-liter) fuel-injected engine was not exclusive to the 454 SS model, but instead was the same V-8 available in 3500 and 2500 pickup models. In the sport truck's debut year, the engine produced 230 horsepower and 385 pound-feet of torque, and sent this through a three-speed Turbo Hyda-Matic automatic transmission to a limited ...The LSX454 drag race engine must have the valve lash adjustment maintained. Proper valve lash is 0.020” for both the intake and exhaust valve. Valve lash had been set during engine build, but should be rechecked once the engine is at operating temperature and then re-adjusted after every 50 drag race runs.The lower displacement 366ci truck engine became the 6.0L. The 454 stayed. GM added the 502/8.2L and 572/9.4L to its aftermarket performance parts division, producing a new family of power stump pullers. ... (Image/Jim Smart) Rod bolts are hand-snugged, then, torqued to specifications. Jeff has chosen Clevite CLE-CB-743P rod …Here are the detailed engine specifications of the 1980 Chevy 454: Engine Type. V8. Displacement. 7.4 liters. Compression Ratio. 8.2:1. Fuel System. 4-barrel carburetor.Flexplate (P/N 10185034): 14". Recommended Fuel: Premium pump. Ignition Timing: 36° Total @ 4,000 rpm. Maximum Recommended rpm: 5500. Balanced: External. Compare Big-Block Engines. Mobil 1 is now The Official Motor Oil of Chevrolet Performance. View Engine Fill Chart. An all-forged reciprocating assembly makes the ZZ454 big block crate engine ...1970 Chevy Monte Carlo SS 454 LS5. The 1970 Chevy Monte Carlo SS was a luxury-oriented muscle car that was also available with the 454 cubic inch V8 engine. The engine was rated at 360 horsepower, and the quarter-mile performance of the Monte Carlo with this engine was around 14.6 seconds at a speed of 97 mph.The large cubic inch size of the big block Chevy engine made it a powerful option in both Chevy cars and trucks for over 40 years and is still popular today. From …When it comes to choosing a mini split system for your home, there are many factors to consider. One of the most important pieces of information you need is the Mitsubishi mini spl...Specifications for the 1974 Corvette, including dimensions, electrical, capacities, engine, and features. All options are listed, including prices and quantities shipped. ... 270 Horsepower 454 Cubic Inch LS4 Engine 3.08:1, 3.36:1 (3.55:1 with M21 Transmission) Transmission Synchromesh All Four Gears Standard Fuel Tank CapacityLS-5 454 big block Chevy engine specs for the 1970 model year. LS-6 454. Released the same year as the LS-5, the LS-6 was the top dog as far as stock 454 hp went. Found in the 1970 Chevelle SS 454, it provided the owner with 450 horsepower and the same earth twisting 500 lb-ft of torque.454CI V8 Specifications and Technical Configurations. The 1970 LS5 featured a standard cast-iron block, which housed a forged-steel crankshaft, with a total of five main bearings. While most 454ci V8s were of a two-bolt main design, a number of four-bolt main LS5s have been recorded. Attached to this crankshaft, was a set of I-Beam …This was the 1958 W Series engine. These motors ranged from 348 to 409 to 427 CID, developing up through a [factory claimed] 430+ horsepower and 435 ft. lbs. of torque. The Chevy V8 is sometimes called the "Rat" motor, a take-off from the popular term "Mouse" motor, given to the Small Block by its enthusiasts.Chevrolet Corvette Stingray 454 LS7 specs. Chevrolet. Corvette Stingray 454 LS7 specs. Car type. Coupe. Curb weight. 1531 kg (3375 lbs) Dimensions. 4.64 m (183 in) long, 1.75 m (69 in) wide, 1.21 m (48 in) high.Dec 8, 2021 ... 6:02. Go to channel · 340 horsepower 3.6 LS 4 cylinder engine by Blue Print Engines. Automotive Antics•537K views · 11:46. Go to channel ...

Mar 14, 2024 · One of the primary reasons 396 and 454 big block Chevy first spring to many people's minds is their widespread usage in Chevelles, pickup trucks, and Corvettes. However, big-block Chevy engines... . Fivem scripting

454 engine specs

If you are looking to save money on eyewear, Spec Savers special offers can be a great way to get high-quality glasses at affordable prices. Spec Savers is a well-known eyewear ret...The 454 cubic-inch LS4 would serve as one of General Motors’ final big-block powerplants for the Corvette. Read on to learn about this engine, its specs, features, and more. Get Ad-Free Access: Just $39/yearThis 454 carries nearly all of the exact same engine pieces in your engine albeit with lower compression 8.75 to 1 pistons and a tamer hydraulic roller camshaft. This 454HO uses modern 92 octane ...Buick car models come in all shapes and price ranges. See pictures and learn about the specs, features and history of Buick car models. Advertisement Buick models come in all shape...The 1989 Chevy 454 engine requires engine oil that meets the following specifications: – Oil Type: SAE 10W-30 or SAE 5W-30. – API Service Classification: SG or higher. It is essential to use high-quality engine oil that meets these specifications to ensure optimal lubrication and protection for the engine components.The large cubic inch size of the big block Chevy engine made it a powerful option in both Chevy cars and trucks for over 40 years and is still popular today. From …See All 4 Photos. Under the hood Chevrolet simply diverted a drivetrain from its heavy-duty pickup assembly line, a 454 cubic inch V-8 rated at 230 horsepower and a whopping 385 lb-ft of torque ... 7.4L V-8 LSX 454 Features& Specifications. Lighter and more compact than an original Big-Block 454, the LSX 454 is filled with a super-tough rotating assembly and features a pair of our deep-breathing CNC’d ported cylinder heads. The 7.4L V-8 LSX 454 Small-Block Engine from GM Powertrain OEM Sales is lighter and more compact than the big ... Detailed Engine Specifications. The 1994 Chevy 454 engine is a powerful V8 engine with a displacement of 7.4 liters. It offers a compression ratio of 7.9:1, delivering 230 horsepower and 385 lb-ft of torque. The engine features an overhead valve (OHV) valvetrain and utilizes sequential fuel injection for efficient fuel delivery.The Chevy 454 engine is a big-block V8 engine that was first introduced in 1970. It has a displacement of 454 cubic inches, which is equivalent to 7.4 liters. This large displacement allows the engine to produce ample power and torque, making it suitable for heavy-duty applications. The engine features an overhead valve (OHV) configuration ...Where a particular engine falls depends on many factors, so we'll use 1.3 hp per cubic inch as a middle figure. That means a 454 can support almost 600 hp (454 x 1.3 = 590.2). Indeed, many do ...Advertisement Kindle Paperwhite measures 6.7 inches (169 millimeters) high by 4.6 inches (117 millimeters) wide. It is a scant 0.36 inches thick (9.16 millimeters for the WiFi-only...1988-1990 L19’s were Mark IV 454 blocks, with 4 bolt mains and a 2 piece rear-main seal. Air and fuel was supplied 2 barrel throttle body EFI system. The cylinder heads were the ubiquitous peanut port small ovals. Valve-train was non-adjustable with a flat tappet camshaft. Compression ratio checked in at a whopping 7.9:1.Have you ever wondered what exactly makes up your computer? What are the technical specifications that determine its performance and capabilities? Understanding your computer specs...Chevrolet will sell you a new 454 today, ready to run, like the 454 HO with 438 hp and 500 lb-ft of torque or the ZZ454 with aluminum heads, rated at 469 hp and 519 lb-ft of torque. These are technically “Gen VI” engines – the original 454 was designated Mark IV. The new engines have four-bolt mains and forged cranks and rods like the ....

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